"Growing Culture of Fear" in Malaysia Say Rights Activists

Miles away from Kuala Lumpur's centre, there is a narrow lane which leads to a corner building. This is where Malaysia's independent online newspaper Malaysiakini is housed.

The site is known for publishing stories, which are quite critical and not really touched by the state media. For instance, human rights violations or abuses by the state and the police.

The country's first online news journal was launched in late 1999 when the long-time ruler Mahatir Mohammad, known for his autocratic style, was still in power.

According to the site's co-founder and editor Steven Gan, the situation has hardly changed since the present prime minister Abdullah Badawi took office three years ago

"Abdullah is not a strong man," he says. "He doesn’t have the capacity to tighten his grip in the country, which is a good thing. Because of that, you can see a lot of people who are willing to openly criticise. However, the mainstream media still can't criticise the government directly."

One party rule

Since gaining independence in 1957, Malaysia has mainly been ruled by one party -- the United Malays National Organisation, or UMNO. The party, which strongly favours the ethnic Malay community, dominates the ruling ‘National Front’ coalition government.

When he came to power Prime Minister Abdullah, who is also the UMNO's president, promised to tackle crime and corruption. But his government has so far failed to show any progress in combating these issues.

Critics say the cases of human rights abuses have actually increased. The head of the human rights commission in Kuala Lumpore Siva Subramaniam, however, thinks the mainstream media are equally responsible for the deteriorating situation.

"I can go to every police station, prison and internment camp," she explains. "I'm free to talk about everything I want. But unfortunately the papers don't report about what I have to say. But I don't mince my words. Not even when I meet the prime minister. I just say what I don't like and that I'm doing this for the good of the country."

Online media boom

Amid the tight restrictions on print and broadcast media, the online media now have a perfect chance to expand in Malaysia. Masses of online sites and blogs have cropped up in recent years and have fast become an alternative source of news and opinion.

But many of them which are too critical come under constant fire from the government. It accuses them of spreading lies and has threatened them with harsh penalties and tighter controls.

Steven Gan from the Malaysiakini site recognises the risks but says he will not be deterred.

"When "Malaysiakini" appeared on the screen seven years ago we were a main target. And those who attacked us then are now attacking the bloggers. We support the bloggers and offer them a meeting-point in our offices. I find it important for bloggers to talk with 'Malaysiakini' and to fight."

Malaysia celebrates the 50th anniversary of its independence this August. However, few think there is much to celebrate considering the country's restricted civil liberties.