Senegal Casamance: Rikici cikin hotuna
Tsawon shekaru 30 ana daukar yankin Casamance da ke kudancin Senegal a matsayin cibiyar rikici. Duk da cewa a hukumance an jima da yin sulhu, sojoji sun kaddamar da sabon farmaki don murkushe sauran 'yan tawayen yankin.
Sojoji sun dauki yakin da muhimmanci
Tun farkon watan Fabarairun da ya gabata, sojojin gwamnatin Senegal ke farautar 'yan tawaye a Casamance. Yankin da ke kudancin Senegal ya kasance tungar rikici tun a shekarun 1980. Koda yake a baya-bayan nan an dan samu lafawar al'amura, duk da haka gwamnati ta kaddamar da sabon farmaki cikin watan Janairun wannan shekara a yankunan da 'yan tawayen ke yin tirjiya.
'Yan tawaye masu zubar da jini
Kazamin yakin ya fara ne a shekara ta 1982: An kame shugabannin kungiyar MFDC wato "Movement of the Democratic Forces of Casamance," da ke neman 'yancin cin gashin kai a yankin. Bayan shekaru, kungiyar ta zama mai tsattsauran ra'ayi. Ta samu goyon bayan sojojin makwabciyar kasar Guinea-Bissau a shekara ta 1990. Sannu a hankali ita ma Gambiya da ke makwabtaka, ta tsunduma cikin rikicin.
Tarihin yarjejeniya
An yi ta kokarin cimma yarjeniyoyi na tsagaita wuta a shekarun 1990. Mafi yawa ba sa nisa - haka ma an yi ta samun rarrabuwar kawuna a tsakanin 'yan tawayen MFDC da ke dauke da makamai. Duk da cewa jagoran 'yan tawayen na MFDC Augustin Diamacoune Senghore ya yi ta kokarin ganin sun yi sulhu da gwamnati, sai da daruruwan mutane suka halaka kana dubbai suka tsere zuwa gudun hijira.
Lokaci mai dimbin tarihi
A watan Afrilun 2001, shugaban kasar Senegal Abdoulaye Wade (daga dama) ya yi tattakli zuwa Ziguinchor a yankin Casamance, shekara guda bayan darewarsa kan karagar mulki. Tare da shugaban 'yan tawaye Augustin Diamacoune Senghore (daga hagu), shugaban kasar na son sake farfado da batun sulhu. Sai dai yarjejeniyar ba ta yi batu kan 'yancin kai ba, hakan ya sa 'yan tawayen su ka yi watsi da ita.
Rikici duk da cimma yarjejeniyar sulhu
Lokaci ya yi: A shekara ta 2004, jagoran 'yan tawaye Senghore (daga dama) da ministan cikin gida Ousmane Ngom (daga hagu) sun saka hannu a kan yarjejeniyar sulhu da din-din-din. Duk da cewa an kawo karshen rikicin siyasar, wani bangare na 'yan tawayen MFDC ya ci gaba da yaki. Rikicin yankin Casamance matsala ce mai zaman kanta.
Yakin neman zabe da batun sulhu
A shekara ta 2012, Macky Sall da ke kalubalantar Abdoulaye Wade ya lashe zaben shugaban kasa, tare da alkawarin kawo zaman lafiya a Casamance. A wancan lokaci, Sall ya tura fitaccen mawakin nan Youssou Ndour zuwa yankin Casamance, domin ya yi masa yakin neman zabe.
Kisan mummuke
Duk da tarin kokarin ganin an samu zaman lafiya, rikicin na kara dawowa bayan shekaru. Na baya-bayan nan a shekara ta 2018, yara 13 ne suka halaka yayin da wasu da dama suka jikkata a kusa da Zuguinchor babban birnin yankin yayin wani kisan kiyashi. Har kawo yanzu, mutane da dama sun gaza koma wa yankunansu saboda tsoro.
Rayuwar yau da kullum a Casamance
Duk da jeka ka dawo da ake fama da shi a rikicin, al'ummar Ziguinchor babban birnin Casamance na ci gaba da gudanar da rayuwarsu ta yau da kullum. Ziguinchor na da yawan al'umma sama da dubu 200, birnin da ke zaman cibiyar kasuwanci ta Casamance kana sansanin sojojin Senegal mafi muhimmanci.
Farautar 'yan tawaye
Wani rahoto a hukumance, ya nunar da cewa sojojin gwamnati sun kame wasu daga cikin sansanonin 'yan tawayen ciki har da wurin boyo na karkashin kasa, tun bayan da suka fara kai farmaki a farkon watan fabarairun da ya gabata. Gwamnati na fatan hakan zai kawo karshen miyagun laifuka, wadanda 'yan tawayen ke amfani da su wajen samun kudin shiga.