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议会

议会是立法机关的一种型态,由人民中选出一定数量的代表者组成以执行立法权;这些代表者称为议员,可以透过直接选举或间接选举产生、也可能是委任的。

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Newly appointed Prime Minister Enrico Letta (C) leads the start of his first cabinet meeting at Chigi palace in Rome, April 28, 2013. Prime Minister Letta's new Italian government was sworn in on Sunday with pomp and ceremony at the presidential palace and is expected to face its first confidence vote in parliament on Monday. REUTERS/ Giampiero Sposito ( ITALY - Tags: POLITICS ELECTIONS)
A Pakistani man looks at the destroyed office of an election candidate fallowing a bomb attack in the city of Kohat, adjacent to Pakistan's restive tribal areas along the Afghan border on April 28, 2013. Two bomb attacks targeting the offices of election candidates in northwest Pakistan killed at least eight people, officials said, the latest bloodshed ahead of polls next month. AFP PHOTO / BASIT GILANI (Photo credit should read BASIT GILANI/AFP/Getty Images)
View of the building housing Iceland's parliament on October 9, 2008 in Reykjavik. Icelanders are keeping cool heads despite their country slipping into a financial quagmire, but anger is mounting against politicians who liberalised the financial sector in the 1990s. AFP PHOTO / OLIVIER MORIN (Photo credit should read OLIVIER MORIN/AFP/Getty Images)
ARCHIV - Der Präsident des Europäischen Parlaments, Martin Schulz (SPD), unterhält sich am Montag (17.09.2012) in Berlin. Schulz pocht darauf, das mehr als 16 Milliarden Euro große Defizit der EU für 2013 auszugleichen. Foto: Maurizio Gambarini/dpa (zu dpa "Schulz fordert Ausgleich des Milliardendefizits der EU" vom 04.03.2013) +++(c) dpa - Bildfunk+++
A group of lawmakers including Japan's ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) lawmaker Hidehisa Otsuji (front 3rd L), Japan Restoration Party member Takeo Hiranuma (front L) and LDP member Sanae Takaichi (front 2nd L) are led by a shinto priest as they visit the Yasukuni Shrine in Tokyo, in this photo taken by Kyodo April 23, 2013. A nonpartisan group of 168 lawmakers visited the war-related Yasukuni Shrine on Tuesday, following visits by three Cabinet ministers and donations made by Prime Minister Shinzo Abe over the weekend, Kyodo news reported. Mandatory Credit. REUTERS/Kyodo (JAPAN - Tags: POLITICS RELIGION) ATTENTION EDITORS - FOR EDITORIAL USE ONLY. NOT FOR SALE FOR MARKETING OR ADVERTISING CAMPAIGNS. THIS IMAGE HAS BEEN SUPPLIED BY A THIRD PARTY. IT IS DISTRIBUTED, EXACTLY AS RECEIVED BY REUTERS, AS A SERVICE TO CLIENTS. MANDATORY CREDIT. JAPAN OUT. NO COMMERCIAL OR EDITORIAL SALES IN JAPAN. YES
WELLINGTON, NEW ZEALAND - APRIL 17: Green MP Kevin Hague is congratulated by Labour MP Ruth Dyson after the third reading and vote on the Marriage Equality Bill at Parliament House on April 17, 2013 in Wellington, New Zealand. The Marriage Equality Bill, proposed by Labour MP Louisa Wall, passed the vote by 77 votes to 44 meaning same-sex marriage will now be legal in New Zealand. (Photo by Hagen Hopkins/Getty Images) FÜR OVERLAY GEEIGNET
People clash with riot police during a demonstration against France's gay marriage law in an attempt to block legislation that will allow homosexual couples to marry and adopt children, on March 24, 2013 in Paris. The hugely controversial bill to legalise same-sex marriage and adoption has been comfortably adopted by the lower chamber of parliament and will go to the Senate for examination and approval in April. AFP PHOTO / PIERRE ANDRIEU (Photo credit should read PIERRE ANDRIEU/AFP/Getty Images)
GettyImages 163507064 The newly elected Cypriot President Nicos Anastasiades speaks during a press conference after his meeting with Greek Prime Minister in Athens on March 11, 2013. Anastasiades is in Greece on a two-day working visit. AFP PHOTO / ARIS MESSINIS (Photo credit should read ARIS MESSINIS/AFP/Getty Images)
European Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso addresses the assembly, on March 13, 2013, at the European Parliament in Strasbourg, northeastern France. European Parliament votes today on a resolution on 2014-20 EU budget which includes a first-ever overall cut opposed by the head of the assembly and most MEPs. AFP PHOTO/FREDERICK FLORIN (Photo credit should read FREDERICK FLORIN/AFP/Getty Images)
Members of the European Parliament take part in a voting session at the European Parliament in Strasbourg, eastern France on March 13, 2013. European Parliament votes today on a resolution on 2014-20 EU budget which includes a first-ever overall cut opposed by the head of the assembly and most MEPs. AFP PHOTO / FREDERICK FLORIN (Photo credit should read FREDERICK FLORIN/AFP/Getty Images)
Eisberg im Ilullissat-Eisfjord, Grönland Bild: Irene Quaile
Mohammed Magarief (C) poses for a picture with members of congress, after winning the presidency in the National Congress, at a hotel in Tripoli, August 9, 2012. Libya's national assembly picked former opposition leader Mohammed Magarief as its president on Thursday as the North African country's newly elected congress began its rule. Magarief, leader of the National Front party, will head the 200-member congress, which will name a prime minister, pass laws and steer Libya to full parliamentary elections after a new constitution is drafted next year. REUTERS/Esam Al-Fetori (LIBYA - Tags: POLITICS ELECTIONS)
Malta's Prime Minister and Nationalist Party leader Lawrence Gonzi (R) applauds supporters after addressing a mass rally in Floriana, outside Valletta March 7, 2013. Malta's opposition Socialists appear set for their first election victory in more than 16 years on Saturday, capitalising on popular anger at ministerial pay rises, high power prices and an oil kickbacks scandal. REUTERS/Darrin Zammit Lupi (MALTA - Tags: POLITICS ELECTIONS)
Symbolbild Gericht Gesetz Waage und Richterhammer Sebastian Duda - Fotolia 42719114 gavel; judge; judicial; juridical; justice; law; lawyer; legal; legally; wood; wooden; litigation; arbitrate; auction; authority; court; courthouse; courtroom; crime; criminal; equality; guilt; hammer; hit; innocence; isolated; judgment; magistrate; mallet; object; order; prosecution; punish; punishment; rule; sentence; symbol; symbolic; trial; tribunal; truth; verdict; white; wisdom
Workers open the ballots in a polling station in downtown Romein a polling station in Rome on February 25, 2013 at the end of the second day of the Italy's general elections. Italians fed up with austerity voted in the country's most important election in a generation, as Europe held its breath for signs of fresh instability in the eurozone's third economy. AFP PHOTO/ Filippo MONTEFORTE (Photo credit should read FILIPPO MONTEFORTE/AFP/Getty Images)
Voters queue to cast their ballots during presidential and parliamentary elections, in Kisumu, 350 km (217 miles) west of Nairobi March 4, 2013. Kenyans voted on Monday in a presidential election that will test whether the east African nation can restore its reputation as one of Africa's more stable democracies after a lethal ethnic rampage erupted following the 2007 poll. REUTERS/Thomas Mukoya (KENYA - Tags: POLITICS ELECTIONS)
HANDOUT - Das undatierte Handoutfoto zeigt Soldaten beim Entladen einer deutschen Transall der Bundeswehr in Bamako, der Hauptstadt von Mali. Drei deutsche Transportflugzeuge unterstützen den Einsatz der französischen Armee und ihrer afrikanischen Verbündeten gegen die Aufständischen in Mali. Foto: Bundeswehr/dpa (ACHTUNG: Nur zur redaktionellen Verwendung mit Urhebernennung «Foto: Bundeswehr». Das Bild darf nicht verändert werden.)
Outgoing Prime Minister Mario Monti holds his election ballot before casting his vote at the polling station in Milan, February 24, 2013. Italians began voting on Sunday in one of the most closely watched elections in years, with markets nervous about whether it can produce a strong government to pull Italy out of recession and help resolve the euro zone debt crisis. REUTERS/Stefano Rellandini (ITALY - Tags: POLITICS ELECTIONS TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY BUSINESS)
Former Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Mohamed Mustafa ElBaradei attends the charity event Cinema for Peace within the scope of the 62nd Berlinale in Berlin, Germany, 13 February 2012. Since 2002 Cinema for Peace has been a worldwide initiative, promoting humanity through film while inviting members of the international film community to attend the annual Cinema for Peace Award-Gala-Night during the Berlin International Film Festival. Photo: Pascal Le Segretain/Getty Images for Cinema for Peace
A general view of Tahrir Square in Cairo, January 30, 2013. Egyptian President Mohamed Mursi flew to Germany on Wednesday to try to convince Europe of his democratic credentials, leaving behind a country in crisis after a week of violence that has killed more than 50 people. REUTERS/Mohamed Abd El Ghany (EGYPT - Tags: CIVIL UNREST POLITICS CITYSCAPE)
HANDOUT - Das undatierte Handoutfoto zeigt Soldaten beim Entladen einer deutschen Transall der Bundeswehr in Bamako, der Hauptstadt von Mali. Das Bundeskabinett beschließt am 19.02.2013 den Mandatstext für den Mali-Einsatz der Bundeswehr. Foto: Bundeswehr/dpa (ACHTUNG: Nur zur redaktionellen Verwendung mit Urhebernennung «Foto: Bundeswehr». Das Bild darf nicht verändert werden.) +++(c) dpa - Bildfunk+++
The logo of French National Assembly is pictured at the entrance of the law commitee room on January 30, 2013 at the National Assembly in Paris. AFP PHOTO / JACQUES DEMARTHON (Photo credit should read JACQUES DEMARTHON/AFP/Getty Images)
epa03572456 Europian Parliament President Martin Schulz speaks to journalists upon his arrival at the European Council headquarters prior attending a European Council meeting, in Brussels, Belgium, 07 February 2013. EU heads of states gather for a two-day summit starting on 07 February with the main purpose to haggle over the bloc's 2014-20 budget, the next Multiannual Financial Framework (MFF). EPA/MICHEL EULER / POOL MAXPPP OUT +++(c) dpa - Bildfunk+++
epa03536557 Martin Schulz, President of the European Parliament, speaks to the Members of Parliament during the plenary session in the European Parliament, in Strasbourg, France 15 January 2013. EPA/PATRICK SEEGER
Berlin/ Verteidigungsminister Thomas de Maiziere (CDU, hinten Mitte) geht am Donnerstag (31.01.13) im Bundestag in Berlin zur Abstimmung ueber die Fortfuehrung des Bundeswehreinsatzes in Afghanistan. Der Bundestag will am Donnerstag die Fortfuehrung des Bundeswehreinsatzes in Afghanistan beschliessen. In namentlicher Abstimmung entscheidet das Parlament ueber das neue Mandat, das eine Absenkung der personellen Obergrenze auf maximal 4.400 Soldaten vorsieht. (zu dapd-Text) Foto: Oliver Lang/dapd
North Carolina 12 is buckled from pounding surf leading into Mirlo Beach in Rodanthe, N.C. on Tuesday, Oct. 30, 2012. People on North Carolina's Outer Banks are facing some flooding and damage from Hurricane Sandy, but emergency management officials say it could have been worse. North Carolina Transportation Department spokeswoman Greer Beaty said the highway was closed Tuesday until crews inspect the road. (Foto:The Virginian-Pilot, Steve Earley/AP/dapd)